TOPIC: statistics
Issue 103
April 18, 2021
Daunte Wright

Last Sunday on April 11, a 20-year-old black motorist named Daunte Wright was shot by Kim Potter, a white Brooklyn Center (MN) police officer during a traffic stop. Unfortunately, attempts to save Mr. Wright were not successful; he was pronounced dead at the scene. Daunte Wright did not deserve to die. But were the happenings of last Sunday a tragic accident, or something more sinister?

What Happened

Officer Kim Potter, a 26-year veteran of the police force, was conducting field training of a rookie officer when they pulled over Daunte Wright for expired registration tags. After checking Wright’s identification, officers determined that he had an outstanding warrant for possession of an unlicensed handgun and resisting arrest. They proceeded to take Mr. Wright into custody. Initially he complied; then attempted to flee.

Body camera footage released promptly after the shooting show Mr. Wright being apprehended outside the driver’s side of his vehicle. He then attempted to get back into his car and a struggle ensued. Officer Potter then threatened to deploy her Taser to subdue Mr. Wright. "I’ll Tase you! I’ll Tase you! Taser! Taser! Taser!” Officer Potter warned. Next thing we hear is, "Holy shit, I just shot him."

Officer Kim Potter inexplicably mistook her Taser for her pistol. It cost Daunte Wright his life.

Taser v Handgun

Even a layperson would find it difficult to confuse a Taser with a pistol. How could this happen? How could a 26-year veteran of a police force put in charge of training rookie officers confuse a Taser for a handgun? Has this ever happened before? These are legitimate questions that have been on the minds of many, including us.

According to retired police captain and use of force researcher Greg Meyer, “There have been 18 (documented) police shootings in the past 20 years in which officers used a gun when they said they intended to use a Taser.”

Most civilian interactions with law enforcement officials do not escalate to the point where a handgun or taser is deployed. However, given there are ~700,000 law enforcement officers in America that arrest ~10,000,000 civilians per year, Meyer’s figures seem credible.

Meyer goes on to explain that in the rare instance when an officer claims to have confused his or her Taser for a gun, one of the first things investigators look for is how many rounds that officer fired. If only one round was discharged, odds are the officer’s claims are genuine, and vice versa. There are two reasons for this: 1) Officers are trained to fire multiple rounds and 2) a Taser can only “fire” once. (Kim Potter fired once).

Due Process

After the shooting, Brooklyn Center Mayor Mike Elliott fired City Manager Curt Boganey. At a press conference earlier in the week, Mr. Boganey said that all city employees – including Kim Potter - are entitled to “due process with respect to discipline.” We agree with Mr. Boganey and believe his termination was unwarranted. In fact, every citizen regardless of the nature of their crime has a right to due process. That much is enshrined in our constitution.

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Issue 121
December 26, 2021
From Pandemic To Endemic

The United States is facing an acute COVID outbreak, fueled by the new highly infectious, Omicron variant. Countrywide, more than 200,000 cases per day are now being logged. In addition, record rates of infections are being reported across major metropolitan areas including New York City, the epicenter of the first large COVID outbreak at the beginning of the pandemic in America. Nationally, hospitalizations are up ~50% since November, albeit from a low base. In locations where vaccination rates lag, many hospitals are quickly becoming overwhelmed (the United States has a good healthcare system, but very little spare capacity). Regrettably, the rolling 7-day average for deaths is 1,656 per day.

Indeed, as the number of positive COVID cases goes parabolic, fear has gripped the nation. People can be found snaked around corners in cities across America, waiting to be tested. Holiday parties have been canceled, colleges have closed campuses and migrated back to remote learning, businesses have told their employees to work remotely, Broadway has shuttered its curtains - again - and Christmas excursions have been shelved. Might all this be…good news?

Before arguing why we believe the answer is “yes,” we want to preface our arguments by clearly stating that we take COVID seriously. We encourage all Americans to get inoculated, be prudent around higher- risk citizens and wish those who are ill a swift recovery. Our thoughts go out to the unfortunate victims who succumbed to COVID.

From Pandemic To Endemic

With the risk of ending up with an egg on our face, we believe COVID cases will peak in the United States over the next few weeks and then drop precipitously. Even more encouraging, though far from experts on virology, from what we can discern, COVID is behaving similarly to other viruses that have morphed from pandemic to endemic: it is becoming more infectious but less deadly.

According to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases in South Africa where the Omicron variant was first identified, patients are 80% less likely to be hospitalized if they catch the Omicron compared with other strains. In a recent Scottish Study, Omicron hospital risk was ~66% lower than Delta. Another study from the U.K showed similar results.

Over the next 12-24 months, we suspect mortality rates for COVID and how we co-exist with COVID will converge with that of another endemic virus, the flu.

A Good Host

Unlike bacterial infections, viruses need a host - animal or human - to survive. When the host dies, the virus dies. Some viruses, including other coronaviruses like SARS (mortality rate ~10%) and MERS (mortality rate 40%), do not tend to become pandemics because they are too deadly. Specifically, too many hosts die before the viruses can reach escape velocity and infect hordes of people. Other coronaviruses, such as the common cold, are not thought of as pandemics because while they are highly infectious – every year, hundreds of millions of people “catch a cold” - most cases are mild.

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Issue 127
March 20, 2022
TQC Trivia: Fruits & Veggies

At TQC, every so often we switch gears, take a reprieve from the hot button topics that are typically the subjects of our posts, and replace them with something lighthearted and fun. With that in mind, for this week we have decided to offer our readers a chance to take a break and play TQC Trivia! Fruits & Veggies. Answers are provided below, along with interesting and fun supplemental information.

Fruits & Veggies

1) Q: What is the most popular fruit (measured by production) in the world?

A) Banana
B) Tomato
C) Avocado
D) Onion

2) Q: What is the most caloric vegetable in the world?

A) Potato
B) Pea
C) Garlic
D) Turnip

3) Q: Which U.S. state produces the most oranges?

A) Florida
B) Washington
C) Georgia
D) California

4) Q: Which U.S. state produces the most peaches?

A) South Carolina
B) New York
C) Georgia
D) California

5) Q: Which U.S. state produces the most blueberries?

A) Washington
B) Oregon
C) California
D) New Jersey

6) Q: What is the most expensive vegetable in America?

A) Pinto Beans
B) Asparagus
C) Radish
D) Avocado

7) Q: Are berries fruit?

A) Yes
B) No
C) Some
D) Most

8) Q: Which fruit contains the most protein?

A) Guava
B) Avocado
C) Peach
D) Apple

9) Q: Which is the least caloric vegetable?

A) Spinach
B) Alfalfa Sprouts
C) Kale
D) Watercress

10) Q: Which fruit contains the most sugar?

A) Strawberry
B) Lime
C) Fig
D) Lychee

ANSWERS
1) (B) Tomato. Contrary to popular belief, the tomato, scientifically known as Solanum lycopersicum, is a fruit. Worldwide, ~180 million metric tons of tomatoes are harvested each year, earning it the distinction of world’s most popular fruit. The versatile tomato is a good source of vitamin C, vitamin K (helps with blood clotting), and an antioxidant called lycopene, which is understood to have anti-inflammatory and other health benefits. Bananas rank number two. Avocados do not crack the top 15. Onions are not fruits.

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Issue 136
August 6, 2022
Paternity Leave

Eleven days after our last post on July 10th, your correspondent became a 1st-time father. It has been a life (and diaper) changing experience. Fatherhood interrupted TQC’s bi-weekly schedule. Thank you for your patience.

Leading up to the birth of my son, I was told I would be sleeping less. I do. Laughing more. I do. Be thinking of him constantly. I am. And enjoying every moment of fatherhood. I am. Indeed, I miss that lil guy even when just a few feet and a sheetrock wall separate us.

Being a new parent piqued my interest in babies. Before we continue this post, please enjoy ten interesting facts about the smallest humans on earth. They have unique personality traits, but all share one thing in common: they love unconditionally.

Interesting Facts About Babies

• Adults have 206 bones, but babies are born with ~300 bones! The reason: a greater number of smaller bones make the baby more limber, allowing for an easier passage through the birth canal. As a baby matures, bones fuse over soft spots (ever feel one on a baby’s head, it is called a fontanelle) and form larger, more developed bones.

• Although babies are born with ~50% more bones than they will ultimately end up with, they enter this world without patellas, commonly referred as a kneecaps. The reason: The patella is sharp and has a pronounced shape. The absence of the patella helps keep the legs flexible. Again, this aids in the birthing process. Babies’ kneecaps form at ~6 months of age.

• Ever wonder how babies can drink from a bottle for long stretches without stopping to breathe? A commonly accepted myth – even by some pediatricians - is that babies can swallow and breathe simultaneously! This is not true. Click here to learn more.

• According to pampers.com, a newborn’s eyes “may appear gray or blue due to a lack of pigment. Once exposed to light, the eye color will most likely start to change to blue, green, hazel, or brown over a period of six months to one year.”

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Issue 139
September 18, 2022
American Trash

Proverb: One man’s trash is another man’s treasure. American trash – excuse the pun - is the subject of our latest iteration of TQC Trivia. Answers are provided below, along with interesting and frankly, appalling supplemental information.

1) Q: What percentage of the world’s trash do Americans generate?

A) 2%
B) 12%
C) 40%
D) 52%

2) Q: On average, how many disposable diapers are disposed of before a child is toilet trained?

A) 800
B) 1,800
C) 3,300
D) 9,000

3) Q: What percentage of the world’s children live in America and what percentage of the world’s toys do their parents throw away?

A) ~3% / ~20%
B) ~10% / ~30%
C) ~3% / ~40%
D) ~5% / ~25%

4) Q: How much food do Americans throw away daily?

A) 1,000 tons
B) 10,000 tons
C) 13,000 tons
D) 43,000 tons

5) Q: How many cell phones do Americans throw away daily?

A) 151 million
B) 15 thousand
C) 15 million
D) 416 thousand

6) Q: What percentage of American garbage encompasses paper and packaging materials?

A) ~28%
B) ~10%
C) ~65%
D) ~50%

7) Q: What percentage of American garbage is recycled?

A) 3%
B) 13%
C) 30%
D) 50%

8) Q: What state has the highest recycling rate in America?

A) California
B) New York
C) West Virginia
D) Maine

9) Q: What type of landfill is not currently recognized by the Environmental Protection Agency?

A) Municipal Solid Waste
B) Industrial Waste
C) Hazardous Waste
D) Green Waste

10) Q: How much clothing do Americas throw away annually?

A) 14 million tons
B) 4 million tons
C) 1 million tons
D) 7 million tons

ANSWERS

1) (B) 12%. Many Americans say they care about the environment; their actions tell a different story. The United States “trashes” the most waste of any nation in the world. Indeed, even though America is home to just ~4% of the world’s population, its citizens are responsible for generating ~12% of the earth’s trash. This translates into ~268 million tons of garbage per year. (China’s 1.4 billion people equate to ~18% of the world’s population and the country generates ~240 million tons of garbage per year.) More specifically, on average Americans generate ~4.5 pounds of municipal solid waste (MSW) per person, per day. Garbage history: In 1960, Americans generated ~2.7 pounds of MSW per person, per day, and 3.7 lbs. in 1980. In many social circles it is trendy to care about the environment, in far fewer circles are actions commensurate with words.

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Issue 20
March 24, 2019
The Student Debt Crisis & What Can Be Done About It

“Getting a college degree has long been integral to the mythic promise of American opportunity. Yet for millions, it’s become exactly that, a myth---and a very expensive myth at that. The average student leaves school carrying $30,000 in debt. More than 40% of students who enter college fail to earn a degree within 6 years, and many of them wind up in the workforce lacking the credentials and practical skills required to get ahead.” - Bloomberg

A few weeks ago, following an exhaustive investigation by the FBI, dozens of privileged individuals including some public figures were charged by the United States Department of Justice with crimes that included racketeering, fraud, money laundering, obstruction of justice and conspiracy to defraud the United States. The offenses encompassed parents creating fictitious profiles of their children in order to bolster their chances of gaining admissions to selective universities, including highlighting athletic achievements for sports they did not participate in. Some high schools didn’t even field a team for the sport the prospective student was being profiled for! Other despicable actions included paying college entrance exam proctors to supply answers to tests, and outright bribery. Subsequently, both liberal and conservative factions of the mainstream press have had a bonanza highlighting the legitimate inequities regarding the college admissions process.

The Quintessential Centrist agrees that the college admissions cheating scandal is newsworthy. A few in the media have even written about how ultimately, it’s the children who will bear the brunt of their parents’ maleficence. That’s true; however much more widespread problems warranting investigation, thoughtful debate, and corrective action are the overbearing cost of a college education which has consistently outpaced inflation, the increasing amount of debt students incur to secure a college degree, and the fact that a growing number of employers (and students) maintain that the education our colleges provide is not commensurate with the skillsets they are seeking in new hires.

In an effort to frame this slow-moving crisis – and make no mistake, it is a crisis – consider these jarring statistics:

• In 2018, ~70% of college students took out loans to pay for their education.

• “According to figures from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, between January 1989 and January 2016…the cost to attend a university increased nearly eight times faster than wages did…”.

• Since the late 1990’s, colleges and universities have raised the price of education faster than any sector except healthcare.

• There is $1.56 trillion dollars of student loan debt outstanding. Aside from home mortgages, student loan debt represents largest consumer debt segment in the United States. To put $1.56 trillion dollars of student loan debt in context, consider that total credit card debt in America totals ~1 trillion dollars; and keep in mind, there are many more credit card holders in The United States than student loan borrowers. Hence, not only is the notional value of student debt roughly 50% larger than credit card debt, the dollar amount of student debt per borrower (~$30,000 per person) is exponentially higher than for credit card borrowers (~$5,700 per person).

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Issue 29
June 2, 2019
Skewed Data: Why Flying Might Not Be As Safe As You Think

At The Quintessential Centrist, we are ardent fans of social economist Steve Levitt. Mr. Levitt, who currently plies his trade at the University of Chicago, possesses an uncanny ability to seamlessly explain complicated statistical information using fun, fascinating, real-life examples that keep his students and readers alike engaged and entertained. We recommend his enjoyable books, Freakonomics and Super Freakonomics.

Like most aviation experts, airplane manufactures and operators often make the case that flying is the safest form of travel. In Super Freakonomics, Mr. Levitt makes a similarly compelling case supported by exhaustive data: that driving is safer than flying. It probably is. However, in our view, some of the analytical data comparing the safety of those two respective modes of transportation – while not flawed per se - are materially skewed in favor of driving.

The most commonly used metric to measure safety in the driving vs flying debate is the morbid statistic of fatality rate per mile traveled. Sure enough, on page 65 of Super Freakonomics, Levitt argues, "per mile, driving is much more dangerous than flying." While factually correct, a more granular analysis suggests that this is a misleading statement with limited practical application when considering which mode of transport, air or auto, is truly safer.

Why?

When comparing the safety of air travel vs that of an automobile on a per mile basis, one fails to control for an important variable in the equation, the total number of hours of exposure. Consider the following: a commercial jetliner travels ~500 miles per hour (mph) at cruising altitude. A passenger vehicle goes ~70 mph on an open, interstate highway. As Mr. Levitt so eloquently does, let us use a real-world example to help frame our argument. A lady drives for one hour, she travels 70 miles. A week later, she decides to fly for one hour; she goes 500 miles. However, in order to travel a distance of 500 miles in a car, our lady friend would have to drive approximately 7 and 15 minutes, or 7.25 times further than a comparable trip in a plane, leaving a lot more opportunity (time) for bad things to happen. Hence, using per mile metrics when comparing the safety of various means of travel is deceptive, because that form of measurement does not control for the total amount of time spent driving a car vs flying in a plane. If our subject drove and flew for the same amount of time, the data would tell a very different story and airplanes would appear less safe. So if we are going to use fatalities per passenger mile as a default metric upon which to base our analysis, we must also control for the amount of exposure or time spent in each mode of transport; but we don’t.

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Issue 30
June 9, 2019
Fun Facts & Figures

Shoplifting & Theft

American retailers lose ~$50 billion dollars per year courtesy of theft. Shoplifting accounts for most (36.5%) of those losses. Employee theft, administrative errors and vendor fraud are responsible for most of the balance. According to Shopify, the most-shoplifted items include:

• Electronics
• Cigarettes
• Pregnancy Tests
• Handbags
• Weight loss pills
• Pain relievers
• Infant formula
• Alcohol
• Razors

"Thou shalt not steal" is one of the Ten Commandments of the Jewish Torah (known to Christians as the first five books of the Old Testament), which are widely understood as moral imperatives by legal scholars, Jewish scholars, Catholic scholars, and Post-Reformation scholars. The Catechism of the Catholic Church states: “The seventh commandment forbids unjustly taking or keeping the goods of one's neighbor and wronging him in any way with respect to his goods. It commands justice and charity in the care of earthly goods and the fruits of men's labor. For the sake of the common good, it requires respect for the universal destination of goods and respect for the right to private property.”

• The Bible is world's most shoplifted book. Most are swiped from hotel rooms.

Dangerous Animals

The Cone Snail, sometimes referred to as the “cigarette snail,” is a mollusk that typically measures ~5 inches in length. It is considered the 9th most dangerous animal in the world by Conde Nast Traveler (CNT). If you are ever on holiday in the Caribbean, you might be unlucky enough to meet one, especially near the vicinity of a coral reef. Cone Snails are gorgeous animals defined by their peculiar shape and beautiful shell. Look, but do not touch; they are one of the most toxic creatures on earth. Fortunately, only a few people have ever had the misfortune of being stung by one (there is no antivenom). If you happen to get stung by a Cone Snail, do not bother going to the ER, you will be dead on arrival. Instead, smoke a cigarette. The Cone Snail’s highly toxic and concentrated venom causes paralysis then death in the time it takes the average smoker to finish a cigarette, hence the snails nickname.

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Issue 34
July 14, 2019
The English Bulldog vs The Olde English Bulldogge

According to thelisti, English Bulldogs are the 4th most popular dog breed in the world, and with good reason. Bulldogs are friendly, fun, and patient, traits that make wonderful family pets. They tend to get along swimmingly with other animals and love children. Given their sturdy stature, Bullies are not bothered when the youngest member(s) of the family pull, poke or prod them. While not known to be very bright – they have consistently ranked as one the least intelligent breeds – and can be stubborn at times, they are also loyal, loving, funny and eager to please. This wasn’t always the case.

Bull-baiting.

In Europe, harking back to the 1500’s, Bulldogs were bred to be extremely athletic, aggressive and ferocious animals. They were equipped with overly muscular bodies, massive heads and powerful jaws, and were trained to fight to the death. They were used primarily as a participants in the brutal “sport” of bull-baiting. In this sport, Bulldogs (and other animals) were coaxed into clamping down on the snout of an enraged, tethered bull; wagers were then placed, and whichever Bulldog immobilized the bull by pinning it to the ground 1st, would be declared the victor.

Those adorable wrinkles that help distinguish Bulldogs from various other breeds were once intended for the blood of a bull to meander through so as not to interfere with the Bulldog’s iron-clad grip. The Bulldog’s pushed in face allowed it to continue breathing – ironic because present day Bulldogs have a litany of respiratory problems - while its powerful jaw clamped down on a bull’s nose. During bull-baiting matches, dogs were often maimed or even killed and bulls were often badly injured too.

In the United Kingdom, bull-baiting reached the peak of its popularity in the early 19th century. However, the sport’s status and its association with gambling coupled with the growing horror of animal rights activists, served as a catalyst for politicians to get involved. In 1835, lawmakers made bull-baiting, along with bear-baiting and cockfighting, illegal via the Cruelty to Animals Act. By the stroke of a pen, the English Bulldog’s primary use in the U.K. and other parts of Europe was rendered null and void.

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Issue 60
February 2, 2020
The Wuhan Coronavirus

The 2019-nCoV, known as the Wuhan Virus is a coronavirus, one of a group of viruses that originate in animals. Coronaviruses are not typically passed from animals to humans but occasionally the virus mutates and humans can become susceptible. An infected human can communicate the virus to other people.

There are seven (known) human coronaviruses. Four strains: HCoV-229E, -eL63, -OC43, and -HKU1 are always percolating among us. These typically cause common colds. Sometimes, a more severe coronavirus can cause pneumonia and on rare instances, can prove deadly.

The Wuhan coronavirus is the third known strain of human coronavirus that can cause acute symptoms. The other two are SARS-Cov better known as SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS-Cov better known as MERS, (Middle East respiratory syndrome, or camel flu).

SARS:

The SARS virus originated in Yunnan province, in Southern China. The initial outbreak occurred in late 2002 / early 2003. Most likely, SARS was initially communicated from a bat to a wild animal, possibly a civet. The virus then mutated and humans became vulnerable. Although Chinese authorities at first covered up the SARS outbreak, which of course contributed it to spreading, in total only ~8,000 people became infected. The vast majority of cases were contained to China and Hong Kong. Of those, ~10% succumbed to the disease. There were 27 reported SARS cases in the United States; nobody perished.

MERS:

Bats are believed to be carriers of the MERS virus but camels are suspected as being the agent that passes this particular coronavirus on to humans. While MERS is rare - only ~2,000 people worldwide are known to have contracted it - it is particularly lethal. ~40% of people who acquire it, die. Most MERS cases have been concentrated in Saudi Arabia and South Korea. There have been two reported cases of MERS in the US, both patients survived.

The Wuhan Coronavirus:

The Wuhan coronavirus originated in the Chinese city of Wuhan, in Hubei province, located between Chengdu to the west and Shanghai to the east. Specifically, the virus has been traced to a (since closed) wild animal market in Wuhan. Most likely, an infected civet hosting the disease passed it on to a human who in turn infected other unsuspecting peoples. Thus far, the vast majority of Wuhan virus patients are concentrated in mainland China.

The timing of the Wuhan outbreak is particularly suboptimal, the dangers magnified by the lunar New Year, a time period in which many rural migrants travel on the nation's network of bullet trains and buses to reunite with family; each passenger a potential host of, and agent to pass on, the Wuhan virus.

The Wuhan coronavirus is contagious when an infected person is symptomatic. Many new patients are healthcare workers who treated the initial batch of infected people without donning proper protective gear. Asymptomatic transmission (people who are infected but do not have noticeable symptoms) might be possible during the incubation period (~2 weeks). Travelers deemed high risk are being quarantined to help mitigate that threat. What is not yet clear is if Wuhan is transmitted via casual contact or from close or more intimate interaction. Furthermore, “Both SARS and MERS had ‘superspreaders’-patients with unusually high viral loads, who are exceptionally infectious. In South Korea in 2015 a patient with MERS infected 81 people during a 58-hour stay at a hospital emergency room.” It is unknown if any Wuhan patients share similar properties.

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Issue 65
March 15, 2020
Coronavirus Update

As of this writing, COVID-19 (the coronavirus) has spread to 118 countries. Approximately 165,000 people have been infected, ~6,300 have died and another ~5,600 are in serious condition (~76,000 have recovered).

In the United States, there are ~3,100 confirmed cases of coronavirus, 62 patients have died and eight have recovered. Unfortunately, the number of cases in the US (and possibly other nations) may be grossly understated as we are in the early stages of this pandemic. In part, this is a result of early inaction and complacence. Earlier this week an expert with the Harvard Global Health Institute, Ashish Jha, asserted that the United States government’s response to the coronavirus outbreak has been "much, much worse than almost any other country that's been affected…I still don't understand why we don't have extensive testing. Vietnam! Vietnam has tested more people than America has…Without testing, you have no idea how extensive the infection is…we have to shut schools, events, and everything down, because that's the only tool available to us until we get testing back up. It's been stunning to me how bad the federal response has been..."

Renowned virologist, HIV/AIDS expert and Director of the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Anthony Fauci made the following statement to lawmakers this past week: “The system is not really geared to what we need right now - what you’re asking for - that is a failing…It is a failing. Let’s admit it.”

He makes a valid point. As the human tragedy unfolded at the epicenter of the coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China in late 2019, government officials around the world were given a head start to prepare for and implement practical measures to help contain the spread of the virus. South Korea was exemplary. Given its proximately to China, COVID-19 quickly permeated its borders. However, South Korean authorities learned from China’s experience and took quick, decisive action. They moved swiftly and tested tens of thousands of people, isolated infected patients and aggressively disinfected public places around the country. They curtailed travel, shut public gathering places, closed schools and limited the number of people who could loiter together. The result: Data suggests the epidemic has already peaked there with ~8,200 cases, 75 confirmed deaths (a mortality rate of ~.01%) and 834 recovered.

In contrast, our government’s initial “response” was unconscionable. One of the basic functions of a government is to take all reasonable measures to keep its citizens safe. The US government fell well short of that responsibility. We had a 6-week head start to prepare (longer than South Korea) but instead took a lackadaisical approach. The fact that there aren’t even enough testing kits to go around after witnessing the outbreaks overseas is a gross abdication of responsibility to American citizens. Now Americans find themselves in a defensive, reactive stance.

No Slacking

Using back of the envelope math, if ~165,000 people are officially infected and 6,300 have died, that equates to an average mortality rate of ~4%. In nations whose demographics lean older and developing countries, many of which have underfunded and or rudimentary healthcare systems, the death rate might be higher. In many westernized nations, the mortality rate will probably be lower; but only if their respective healthcare systems are not overrun.

The United States has an excellent healthcare system, but very little spare capacity. And because we are playing catchup, the math tells a particularly disheartening story. Consider the following: there are ~950,000 hospital beds throughout the nation, 2/3rds of which are typically occupied at any one time. This leaves just ~300,000 beds available to be utilized. Measures can be enacted to help free up space including canceling all non-essential and elective surgeries. But the stark reality is that we have very little buffer to absorb an acute influx of patients. Furthermore, because of the infectious and highly contagious nature of this disease, coronavirus patients require a tremendous amount of medical resources. They must be isolated, many will require round the clock monitoring, ventilation machines and other medical gear, many of which are in short supply. Doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals must take extra precaution to ensure they themselves are not infected (The hero doctor who rang the alarm bell in China was infected and subsequently succumbed to the virus).

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Issue 66
April 12, 2020
Coronavirus Update #2

A week after our last post on March 15th, this author became symptomatic and subsequently tested positive COVID-19. It was a relatively mild case. However, the adverse effects of the virus disrupted our schedule. We thank you for your patience during these unprecedented times.

In the weeks following the maelstrom caused by the coronavirus, we have been intently focused on the corresponding data. Many areas of America are only now beginning to see an exponential uptick in infections. But at the epicenter of the U.S. outbreak in New York City, and in other “hot spots” like Detroit and the state of New Jersey, evidence suggests that we have reached the peak in terms of infection rates, hospitalizations, intubations and casualties. Worth noting is that while death rates remain elevated, bear in mind that mortality is a lagging indicator. Indeed, in these parts of the country, we are cautiously optimistic that we have inflected towards recovery, albeit in nonlinear fashion.

In New York City, hospitals are operating at or near capacity and health care workers are short of protective gear. But unlike Italy where care has had to be rationed – when doctors pick who lives and who dies – it appears that NYC will get through the apex of its crisis with enough ventilators, ICU beds and other necessary equipment to avoid the unthinkable.

Below we highlight nine key themes that have emerged from the coronavirus pandemic:

The Victims

The coronavirus pandemic is a human tragedy. The speed and ferocity with which COVID-19 has claimed, and disrupted lives is unprecedented in recent history. As of April 12th, in New York City alone, over twice as many people have perished from the coronavirus than on 9/11. On a national level ~22,000 people have died in just ~2 months. To help put these numbers in perspective: over nine years (1965-1974) ~58,000 U.S. troops were killed in Vietnam. Regrettably, despite evidence of the “curve flattening,” we might eclipse that number in a matter of weeks.

Globally, the coronavirus has infected close to ~2,000,000 people (the true number is probably exponentially higher as many people are never tested and/or are asymptomatic) and killed ~114,000 in a few short months. Italy (~20,000 deaths) and Spain (~17,000 deaths) have suffered tremendously, especially in proportion to their overall populations. France (~14,000 deaths) has been hard hit, as has the U.K. (~11,000 deaths), who’s Prime Minister Boris Johnson was recently hospitalized with the virus.

At TQC, we empathize with those people who have been directly or indirectly affected by COVID-19, and with those who might be in the future.

The Healthcare Providers

Every evening at 7pm EST, New Yorkers have taken to clapping, cheering, banging on pots, pipes and pans, and playing music in recognition and appreciation of the healthcare workers who are risking their lives to care for COVID-19 patients. This exercise has been repeated in similar formats around the world.

Let us all join in and take a moment to express our gratitude to all the health care professionals - doctors, physicians’ assistants, nurses, nurses’ aides, EMTs, support staff, and all others who have and continue to put themselves at the greatest level of risk – sometimes without adequate protective equipment - caring for coronavirus patients. Hats off to you all.

Doctor Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, has proven himself to be a true leader and a face of reason, transparency and prudence, keeping Americans well informed about the coronavirus epidemic. Let us not forget, Dr. Fauci is nearing 80 years old and still on the front lines fighting tirelessly to keep the American public safe.

Recently, while discussing hygiene and disease, Dr. Fauci said, “I don’t think we should ever shake hands again.” If we ever get an opportunity to do so, we sincerely hope Doctor Fauci makes an exception for us. A handshake is the very least we could do to recognize his courageousness.

The Government’s Response

Our government’s initial “response” was lackluster to say the least. One of the basic functions of a government is to take all reasonable measures to keep its citizens safe. The US government fell well short of that responsibility. We had a 6-week head start to prepare but instead took a lackadaisical approach. President Donald Trump did not act swiftly enough. At first, he minimized the threat of COVID-19 likening the virus to the flu, contradicted the advice of Dr. Fauci, made no effort to secure more N95 masks, protective gowns and ventilators, and failed to invoke the Defense Production Act (DPA) in a timely manner. (The DPA was passed in 1950. It enables the Federal government to force private companies to manufacture specific products in the event of a war or national emergency). The fact that there were not even enough testing kits to go around – and they are still in short supply - after witnessing the outbreaks overseas was a gross abdication of responsibility to American citizens.

To be fair, in addition to Trump & Co, many people, including scientists, also did not take the threat of coronavirus seriously. Some experts believed the outcome would be analogous to the respective SARS & MERS epidemics, and remain mostly contained to China and the Middle East. (There were 27 reported SARS cases in the United States; nobody perished. There have been two reported cases of MERS in the US, both patients survived).

Furthermore, during Barrack Obama’s tenure in office, our nations’ stockpile of N95 masks and other protective gear was depleted and his administration did not take adequate steps to replenish it. According to USA Today: “There is no indication that the Obama administration took significant steps to replenish the supply of N95 masks in the Strategic National Stockpile after it was depleted from repeated crises. Calls for action came from experts at the time concerned for the country’s ability to respond to future serious pandemics. Such recommendations were, for whatever reason, not heeded."

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Issue 68
April 26, 2020
TQC Trivia

Take a well deserved reprieve from the chaos that has engulfed us and play, TQC Trivia! Answers are provided below along with interesting and fun supplemental information.

1) Q: What is the most popular female baby name this decade?

A) Isabella
B) Sophia
C) Emma
D) Ava

2) Q: What film is widely credited as the first "talkie" (non-silent) movie?

A) The Jazz Singer (1927)
B) The Idle Class (1921)
C) Speedy (1928)
D) L’Argent (1928)

3) Q: What company is the only original member of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) still in existence today?

A) IBM
B) General Electric
C) National Lead
D) ExxonMobil

4) Q: Which quarterback has the highest National Football League (NFL) Passer Rating?

A) Tom Brady
B) Aaron Rodgers
C) Joe Montana
D) Drew Brees

5) Q: What is the bestselling music album of all-time?

A) The Beatles - The White Album
B) The Eagles - Their Greatest Hits (1971-1975)
C) Michael Jackson – Thriller
D) Led Zeppelin – Led Zeppelin IV

6) Q: What is the longest nonstop commercial flight?

A) Los Angeles - Singapore
B) Dallas - Sydney
C) Atlanta - Johannesburg
D) New York - Singapore

7) Q: Which is the least populated state in America?

A) Idaho
B) Vermont
C) Wyoming
D) Alaska

8) Q: What percentage of American’s own smartphones?

A) 96%
B) 81%
C) 66%
D) 48%

9) Q: What was the first public company to command a trillion-dollar valuation?

A) Amazon
B) PetroChina
C) Microsoft
D) Apple

10) Q: Who is the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men’s basketball Division 1 all-time leading scorer?

A) Pete Maravich, Louisiana State (LSU)
B) Reggie Lewis, Northeastern
C) Kurt Thomas, Texas Christian (TCU)
D) Larry Bird, Indiana State

11) Q: What is the smallest country in the European Union (EU)?

A) Vatican City
B) Monaco
C) Malta
D) Cyprus

ANSWERS

1) (C) Emma. Note: Over the last 100 years, the most popular female baby’s name is Mary. For boys, the most popular baby's name this decade is Noah. Over the last century, it is James.

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Issue 69
May 3, 2020
Food For Anxious Thought

There is no shortage of data that underpins what is painfully obvious, even to the untrained eye: as a result of COVID-19, this quarter will probably mark the worst contraction of America’s economy since the Great Depression in 1929.

Another corollary courtesy of the coronavirus is opaquer yet damaging nonetheless: its effect on Americans suffering from mental illness and the impact of those who are newly battling this silent epidemic.Quarantine, as prescribed by lawmakers for the sake of the greater good plays a prominent role. Uncertainty about the future, adjusting to the “new normal” and worries about economic security are also factors that contribute to the newly afflicted.

We know what some of you are already thinking -- Americans are over-diagnosed with mental ailments and over-prescribed medication. These are not empty arguments. But using conservative estimates to control for over-diagnoses, ~17% of Americans experience a mental illness at least once and ~4% of Americans live with a serious disease of the mind. Since COVID-19 reared its ugly head, rates of anxiety, depression, suicide (and domestic violence) have markedly increased.

Be “Mindful”

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the United States. They develop from a "complex set of risk factors, including genetics, brain chemistry, personality, and life events" and often co-exist with depression, a separate illness that carries its own (sometimes overlapping) set of symptoms and risk factors.

Prior to the coronavirus permeating America’s borders and forcing governors across the nation to institute shelter in place orders, according to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA), the numbers of Americans suffering from the following mental illnesses were as follows:

• Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) (~7 million)

• Panic Disorder (PD) PD (~6 million)

• Social Anxiety Disorder affected (~15 million)

• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) (~2.2 million)

• Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (~8.5-9 million)

• Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), the leading cause of disability for ages people aged 15 to 44, impacted more than 16 million people.

• Persistent depressive disorder (PDD), a form of depression lasting least two years or longer (~3 million)

• Bipolar disorder, which is not on the same spectrum as traditional depression or anxiety disorders, affected just over 2 million American adults.

*In depth explanations of each genre of anxiety and depression are nuanced and extremely complicated subjects to tackle. Their granularity goes well beyond the depth of this post. They can, and should be, topics of a separate TQC article, penned by an expert in the field.

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Issue 78
August 2, 2020
Wheel Of Fortune

At TQC, every so often we switch gears, take a reprieve from the hot button topics that are the subjects of our weekly posts, and replace them with something lighthearted and fun. With that in mind, for this week we have decided to offer our readers a chance to take a break and play a moderated iteration of the popular game show, Wheel Of Fortune. First, try and solve each of the five puzzles. Then, at the bottom of the post, find the correct answers along with corresponding fun facts about each word or phrase. Enjoy!

SUBJECTS:

1) Vol-a-ic E-u--ion-

2) B-ck T- T-e F-t--e

3) A-p--as

4) --n-ing M-c-ine-

5) W---l -f F-----e

TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC
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TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC TQC

ANSWERS:

Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanic Eruptions are measured on a scale from 1 to 8 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI). The largest eruption ever recorded took place at Mount Tambora, Indonesia in 1815. The explosion registered a 7 on the VEI. The boom was so deafening that it was heard in Sumatra, Indonesia, an island ~1200 miles away. Over 70,000 people perished in the eruption and its aftermath, from lava flow and ash. The volcano is still active.

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Issue 81
August 30, 2020
The Future Of New York City

On August 13th hedge fund manager, entrepreneur and business owner James Altucher penned a convincing essay titled “NYC Is Dead Forever. Here’s Why.”

One week after Mr. Altucher’s piece was reprinted in the NY Post, comedian Jerry Seinfeld passionately refuted Altucher’s claims in an Op-Ed published in the NY Times titled “So You Think New York Is ‘Dead’ [It’s not.]" Immediately thereafter, Altucher shot back with his own rebuttal, dissecting and rejecting Seinfeld’s argument’s in a NY Post editorial titled, “Sorry Seinfeld Your Love of NYC Won’t Change The Facts About Its Crisis.”

Mr. Altucher and Mr. Seinfeld have differing points of view, but one thing is for certain, the coronavirus has walloped New York City. The Big Apple has 239,000 officially recorded cases of COVID-19 – statistical samples point to the real number being 10-15x higher - and ~24,000 fatalities. The city’s economy has been battered. Many local businesses have gone bankrupt and or barely surviving. National employers have instructed many of their personnel to work from home. Office buildings sit eerily vacant. Commercial and residential real estate values have plummeted. Unemployment is up. Broadway is shut. Gyms are closed. Most museums and other cultural attractions are still shuddered. Tourists are hard to find.

There is tension in the streets. New Yorkers are on edge. Violent crime, including homicide, has risen materially and shows no sign of abating. Burglary is up substantially too. Some frightened citizens are carrying “mugger money,” (cash people kept in a separate place on their person during the crime ridden 70’s and 80’s) again. Almost 500,000 New Yorkers (~5% of the city’s population), many of which are high wage earners that contribute disproportionately to its tax base, have fled Gotham for safer havens. Some will never return. In part, as a result, city tax receipts have collapsed, social services have been cut, the Mass Transit Authority (MTA) is in financial (and physical) tatters and there is an acute homeless crisis.

Our View

This author resides in NYC and is penning this article from the borough of Manhattan. In our view, New York City is not dead, but it is certainly in critical and unstable condition. Compounded by the gross ineptitude of local “leaders” and lack of federal assistance, it will almost certainly continue to wither and deteriorate in the near term. However, our base case differs markedly from the plethora of apoplectic doomsayers who argue that NYC’s best days are in its rear-view mirror.

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Issue 85
October 11, 2020
Trump Contracts The Coronavirus

In the early morning of Friday October 2 President Donald Trump, after claiming in a debate the week prior that he “wears a mask when he needs to”, became one of ~8 million documented coronavirus victims in the United States. Per Trump’s usual means of communication, the president informed the public via Twitter that he had indeed tested positive for COVID-19.

President Trump’s heightened risk factors: being male, elderly (74), and overweight (Trump eschews tobacco and alcohol, but has a fondness for BigMacs) – put the odds of him dying or becoming critically ill at ~3% and ~12.5%, respectively (though these percentages are probably too high given the level of medical care available to the President of the United States vs the general population).

The day of his diagnosis, President Trump was transported to Walter Reed Medical Center. He was given supplemental oxygen, began a 5-day course of the antiviral drug remdesivir, pumped full of dexamethasone, a steroid typically administered in severe COVID cases, and supplied with an experimental antibody drug, compounded by a company called Regeneron.

Prior to being discharged, Trump – still contagious - left his hospital room to express his gratitude to supporters surrounding the facility. In doing so, he needlessly exposed secret service agents who were assigned to his limousine; Trump waived to his fans from the back seat. Then Trump (presumably) used taxpayer money to buy pizza pies for his well-wishers outside Walter Reed. Harmless enough, if not for the fact that enabling strangers to congregate while reaching for slices of pizza amid a viral pandemic communicated via close personal contact is irresponsible.

On October 5, President Trump was released from Walter Reed. He tweeted, “I will be leaving the great Walter Reed Medical Center today at 6:30 P.M. Feeling really good! Don't be afraid of Covid. Don't let it dominate your life. We have developed, under the Trump Administration, some really great drugs & knowledge. I feel better than I did 20 years ago!”

Though less than a week removed from contracting the coronavirus, we cannot disprove the last sentence of that tweet. We can – and do – disapprove of Mr. Trump’s communication regarding the coronavirus pandemic, except for at the onset of it. We expand on this later in this post.

Tell Me Lies, Tell Me Sweet Little Lies

There is no shortage of outright lies that Donald Trump has propagated with regards to COVID-19. In late February, Mr. Trump said “one day, it’s like a miracle – it will disappear.” On March 6, just as the severity of the coronavirus pandemic was becoming apparent, President Trump said that if “somebody wants to be tested right now, they’ll be able to be tested.”

At the time, there was a national shortage of testing kits. Only the most acute patients were tested, and the results often took over a week. Later that month Trump said the FDA had approved hydrocholorquine to treat the coronavirus. This was untrue then and remains the case today. In March, no drug was approved specifically to treat COVID.

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Issue 86
October 18, 2020
TQC Trivia: World Capitals

Take a well-deserved reprieve from the chaos that has engulfed us and play, TQC Trivia! World Capitals. Answers are provided below along with interesting and fun supplemental information.

1) Brazil:

A) Rio de Janeiro
B) Sao Paulo
C) Brasilia
D) Manaus

2) Norway:

A) Oslo
B) Bergen
C) Trondheim
D) Kristiansand

3) India:

A) Mumbai
B) Kolkata
C) Pune
D) New Delhi

4) New Zealand:

A) Auckland
B) Christchurch
C) Wellington
D) Dunedin

5) Canada:

A) Toronto
B) Ottawa
C) Montreal
D) Vancouver

6) Vietnam:

A) Hanoi
B) Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon)
C) Da Nang
D) Dong Ha

7) Morocco:

A) Rabat
B) Casablanca
C) Marrakesh
D) Tangier

8) Kazakhstan:

A) Astana
B) Almaty
C) Nur-Sultan
D) Karagandy

9) Australia:

A) Sydney
B) Canberra
C) Melbourne
D) Perth

10) Namibia:

A) Windhoek
B) Walvis Bay
C) Uis
D) Ondangwa

ANSWERS:

1) (C) Brasilia. Note: Rio de Janeiro was the capital of Brazil until 1960. Sao Paulo is Brazil’s most populous city (~12,200,000). Brasilia, the current capital, is the nation’s 3rd most populated (~3,000,000) metropolis. The city was constructed in the 1950s to spur migration to the sparsely populated interior of the country.

2) (B) Oslo. Note: Oslo has served as Norway’s capital since 1814. Located in the south east of the country close to Switzerland, it is home to ~11% of Norway’s population. The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo. Bergen is the largest city on Norway’s east coast. It was once a central trading hub in Europe. Its fish market has been in operation since 1276! Trondeim is a tech savvy city with a vivacious startup scene.

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Issue 87
October 25, 2020
Adulting

By law, a person is considered an adult when they have reached the age of “majority.” Many nations set their respective age of majority at 18 years old. In America, the age of majority is established by the states; it is age 18 in all but 3 states in the union, 19 in Alabama & Nebraska and 21 in Mississippi (and Puerto Rico). Prominent nations that set a lower threshold include Indonesia (15) and the United Kingdom (16). Others, however, set a higher threshold such as Canada (19), Japan (20), and the UAE (21).

In the United States, while most citizens are considered “adults” when they turn 18, and all 18-year-olds can vote in a presidential election, young adults are still prohibited by law from engaging in several “grown up” activities, including purchasing alcohol and tobacco.

Drink To This

In December 1933, the 21st Amendment to the Constitution of the United States was ratified. The 21st Amendment is best known (and appreciated) for ending Prohibition. It is unique in being the only Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that amended a previous amendment: in 1920 congress banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol via the 18th Amendment.

Following Prohibition, almost all states set their respective legal drinking ages to 21, inline with the legal voting age. The prevailing logic was that if somebody was old enough to vote, they were responsible enough to drink.

In 1971, the 26th Amendment was passed, which lowered the federal voting age to 18. The push to lower the federal voting age was spurred by the conscription of men as young as 18 years of age into the Vietnam War. Many states in turn adopted 18 as their new legal age to purchase alcohol. The prevailing logic was that if somebody was old enough to die for their country, they should be responsible enough to purchase a beer.

Soon thereafter, there was an acute rise in the number of drunk driving incidents. Whether or not the corresponding increase in DUIs and alcohol-related traffic deaths was causal, or merely correlative, to the reduction of states’ legal age to purchase and consume alcohol has been the subject of fierce debate. Nonetheless, in the 1980s President Ronald Reagan spearheaded a coordinated effort to enact federal legislation to prod states to raise their legal drinking ages. The culmination: on July 17, 1984, to the dismay of college students (and high school seniors) across America, Ronald Reagan signed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act (NMDAA). This federal mandate strong-armed the states to fall in line and raise their own legal age requirements. Specifically, if they did not comply, they would lose 10% of their federal highway funding. It worked. By the end of the 1980s all 50 states raised their legal minimums to 21 (Puerto Rico, Guam & The U.S. Virgin Islands remained at 18. Louisiana briefly lowered its drinking age back to 18 in the mid 1990s).

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Issue 88
November 8, 2020
And The Winner Is...

…Joe Biden. Barring Donald Trump succeeding in his pending legal challenges, the former VP will become the 46th president of the United States. Mr. Trump has not yet conceded to becoming only the second incumbent to be dispatched (George H. W. Bush was defeated by Bill Clinton in 1993) in the last 40 years. And one cannot ignore the irony of President Trump grasping at technical legal straws in an attempt to remain Commander in Chief. Nonetheless, we have gleaned some extremely pertinent information about this election – far beyond Trump vs Biden - and what it means to our nation moving forward.

Poll Dancing

Despite his defeat, Donald Trump performed materially better than most polls predicted; the same thing happened in 2016. This merits the question, is the reason most polls failed to have predictive value because of faulty surveying methods, that certain pollsters were biased, some combination thereof, or something entirely different?

To that end, let us begin with a top-down approach and examine the popular vote. The final polls conducted before the election projected the following: USA Today had Biden ahead 52% to Trump 44%. The Morning Consult predicted the same result, 52% to 44% for Biden. Quinnipiac University had the former VP in the lead by double digits, 50% to 39% for Trump. You Gov expected Biden would beat Trump 53% to 43%. The Wall Street Journal/NBC News also foresaw Biden winning by 10 points.

FiveThirtyEight, a statistical aggregator of everything from sports to politics, compiled a weighted average of an array of polls they ranked from “A” to “D” based on several proprietary factors. Despite their more robust process, even FiveThirtyEight’s model showed Biden prevailing by 8.4 percentage points. At this juncture, almost every ballot has been tallied. Biden (presumably) won, but only by ~3%.

FiveThirtyEight repeated its aggregative process at the state level. In some instances, its model was satisfactory, in others, it suffered shortcomings. In AZ (Biden 48.7% - Trump 46.1%), GA (Biden 48.5% - Trump 47.4%), NC (Biden 48.9% - Trump 47.1%) & OH (Trump 47.5% - Biden 46.8%) FiveThirtyEight was accurate. However, there were some big misses. In MI, the outlet predicted Biden would win the state 51.2% to 43.2% for Trump (Biden appears to have won the state by ~1%). In WI, Biden was expected to win 52.1% to 43.7% for Trump (Biden won by ~1%.) In NV, it was predicted that Biden would win the state by 5 points (Biden won by ~1%.) In FL, FiveThirtyEight modeled that Biden would secure the state by 2.5 points (Michael Bloomberg spent 100 million dollars in Florida to help the former VP secure a victory. Trump won by ~3%). In TX, FiveThirtyEight foresaw Trump winning the state by 1 point; he won 6.

One poll that did prove to be accurate, especially in contested states, was Trafalgar Group, which predicted that Trump would win FL 50% to 47%; lose WI by 1 point and lose in MI by 2 points. Accuracy does not appear to be an anomaly for Trafalgar Group. In fact, it was one of few polling outfits to correctly call the outcome of the 2016 presidential election, predicting a Trump victory. Their prize? Hate mail and a “C-“ grade by FiveThirtyEight. We wonder then, what grade FiveThirtyEight should bestow upon itself.

Regarding the legislative branch of government: in the upper chamber, a plethora of polling outfits predicted that Democrats would flip the Senate, leaving them in control of all branches of government. Instead, despite having to defend ~twice as many seats, the GOP appears (there will be two runoff contests in Georgia on January 5th) to have held onto their slim majority. Specifically, pollsters were convinced Dems would unseat Susan Collins in ME (she won by 9 points) and that Jamie Harrison had a credible opportunity to oust Lindsey Graham in SC. Taking their cue from the polls, donors funneled almost 60 million dollars to Mr. Harrison to get him over the hump. It was the costliest senate race in American History; Lindsey Graham won by 14 percentage points.

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Issue 98
February 21, 2021
COVID-19 & Anti-Vaxxers

Almost two years ago, TQC penned a blog post on Anti-vaxxers. Little did we, or the world for that matter, know how that debate would quickly resurrect itself at the forefront of global discussion. In that piece, we highlighted the misinformation spread by Anti-vaxxers, the destructive consequences of forgoing vaccination, and debunked the most common arguments against immunization. We were constructively critical of parents and their illogical refusal to inoculate their children against viruses including the mumps, measles and even a virulent disease like polio. In this week’s piece, we will focus on the growing number of adults who are eligible to receive a vaccine against COVID-19 but are refusing to get inoculated; and counter some outright lies and ½ truths that have permeated our society about COVID-19 vaccination.

Fallacies

The approved vaccines for COVID-19 are very safe and extremely efficacious, including against most mutations of the virus. Unfortunately, though data is patchy and has been subject to revisions, most polls indicate that ~20% of eligible American adults will refuse a jab. This is not surprising. Many of the same Anti-vaxx parents who are steadfast in refusing to inoculate their children, are making similar flawed arguments against protecting themselves against the coronavirus. In addition, Anti-vaxxers have been extremely effective (and strategic) at leveraging the anti-mask / anti-government cohort to help spread misinformation about COVID-19 and the vaccines approved to combat it.

Worryingly, the Anti-vaxx movement is growing. There are hundreds of Anti-vaxx themed accounts across various social media platforms. Estimates suggest they attract almost 60 million followers among them. Some ill-informed people believe and promote Anti-vaxx hogwash about COVID-19 vaccines being an experiment in DNA altering gene therapy, part of a government surveillance mechanism and or having dangerous adverse side effects. Many others do not. For them, a profit motive is behind their dubious actions. Some hawk “natural” remedies for ailments otherwise neutered by vaccines, including for COVID-19. Others profit from attracting advertising dollars to the sites they control that peddle these “remedies.”

One particularly persuasive Anti-vaxxer is a man named Del Bigtree, leader of an Anti-vaxx group called Informed Consent Action Network. In baseless assertions buttressed by little more than hot air, Mr. Bigtree has asserted to his ~350,000 social media followers that COVID-19 is no more harmful than a “cold,” wearing masks is hazardous to your health, and that the COVID-19 inoculation effort is an “experiment” that puts people’s lives in jeopardy. Unfortunately, Mr. Bigtree is not alone in spreading fallacies and having the audacity to solicit cash donations from the subjects he is spreading misinformation to.

It is not surprising that Anti-vaxx promoters have been so successful: It is materially easier (and profitable) to infect people with fear underpinned by sensationalism, than to educate people with knowledge underpinned by science.

Facts

There is exhaustive scientific evidence and hard data that demonstrate vaccines are a safe and effective means of preventing diseases that can cause permanent disabilities or even death. Throughout history, some of the most important medical breakthroughs involved the successful development of vaccines that crushed an array of highly infectious and lethal diseases including Smallpox, Bubonic Plague, HPV (Cervical Cancer), and Polio.

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Issue 99
February 28, 2021
What Happened To The Flu?

Remember the flu? The CDC and most epidemiologists agree that we are in “peak” flu season. By this time last year, almost 20 million Americans had contracted the Flu, ~200,000 had been hospitalized, and ~10,000 died, including ~100 children. In fact, in a typical year:

• Between 5% (~6,600,000) and 20% ( ~66,000,000) of American citizens contract the flu.

• ~250,000 Americans are hospitalized due to complications from the flu.

• ~35,000 Americans succumb to the flu.

This year is atypical. Though February usually marks the apex of the seasonal flu in America, remarkably, we have seen almost zero – you heard that correctly – close to zero documented influenza cases in the United States.

The Mayo Clinic conducted 20,000 flu tests between Dec 1st and Feb 1st, none came back positive. Of 800,000 samples tested by The Centers for Disease Control (CDC), just 1,500 were positive. Extrapolating these figures and applying them to a broad swath of America, in what is typically the most brutal time of year for influenza, just ~.02% of people are testing positive. Furthermore, thus far, just a few hundred people have been hospitalized and there has been only one documented fatality.

These figures are truly stunning, but are they surprising? Probably not.

Why?

The influenza virus shares some similarities to the coronavirus, including how it is communicated. According to the CDC, “People with flu can spread it to others up to about 6 feet away. Most experts think flu viruses spread mainly by droplets made when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs. Less often, a person might get flu by touching a surface or object that has flu virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes.” Sound familiar? Of course, it does. This is synonymous to how COVID-19, and other variants of the virulent coronavirus, are transmitted.

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